近日中(zhong)电(dian)(dian)联(lian)发(fa)布了《2017-2018年(nian)度全(quan)国(guo)电(dian)(dian)力(li)供需形势(shi)分析预(yu)测(ce)报(bao)告》。截至2017年(nian)底(di)，全(quan)国(guo)全(quan)口径发(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)容(rong)(rong)量17.8亿千(qian)瓦(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)增长7.6%。全(quan)国(guo)新(xin)(xin)(xin)增发(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)容(rong)(rong)量13372万(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，其中(zhong)，新(xin)(xin)(xin)增并(bing)网风(feng)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)1952万(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa);新(xin)(xin)(xin)增并(bing)网太(tai)阳(yang)能(neng)发(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)5338万(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa);新(xin)(xin)(xin)增煤电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)3855万(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)减(jian)少(shao)142万(wan)千(qian)瓦(wa)。预(yu)计(ji)2018年(nian)底(di)，全(quan)国(guo)发(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)容(rong)(rong)量将(jiang)达到19.0亿千(qian)瓦(wa)，其中(zhong)非化石能(neng)源发(fa)电(dian)(dian)7.6亿千(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)总(zong)装(zhuang)机(ji)比(bi)重将(jiang)上(shang)升至40%左右。预(yu)计(ji)煤电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)机(ji)容(rong)(rong)量10.2亿千(qian)瓦(wa)，占(zhan)(zhan)全(quan)国(guo)装(zhuang)机(ji)比(bi)重53.6%，比(bi)2017年(nian)底(di)降(jiang)低1.5个百分点。具体情况如下(xia)：

　　2018年(nian)1月30-31日(ri)，中国(guo)电(dian)力企业联(lian)合(he)会(hui)在京召开了(le)(le)(le)2018年(nian)全国(guo)电(dian)力行(xing)业统计与(yu)分(fen)析工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)会(hui)议，总结2017年(nian)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，研究分(fen)析形(xing)(xing)势(shi)，部(bu)署2018年(nian)工作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)。并(bing)在31日(ri)召开了(le)(le)(le)《2017-2018年(nian)度(du)全国(guo)电(dian)力供(gong)需形(xing)(xing)势(shi)分(fen)析预测(ce)报告(gao)》新闻(wen)发布会(hui)，会(hui)上中国(guo)电(dian)力企业联(lian)合(he)会(hui)副秘书(shu)长(zhang)兼行(xing)业发展(zhan)与(yu)环境(jing)资(zi)源(yuan)部(bu)主(zhu)任安洪(hong)光对报告(gao)主(zhu)要内容作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)了(le)(le)(le)介绍，具体如下：

　　一、2017年度全国电力供需状况

　　(一)发(fa)电装机结构继(ji)续优化，弃风弃光问题(ti)明显缓解

　　一是发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)结构清洁化(hua)趋(qu)势明显。截至(zhi)2017年底，全国全口(kou)径发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)17.8亿千瓦(wa)、同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)长7.6%;其中，非化(hua)石能源发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)6.9亿千瓦(wa)，占总发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)的比(bi)(bi)(bi)重(zhong)为38.7%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)提高(gao)2.1个(ge)(ge)百(bai)分点。全国新(xin)增(zeng)发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容(rong)(rong)量(liang)13372万(wan)千瓦(wa)，其中，新(xin)增(zeng)非化(hua)石能源发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)8988万(wan)千瓦(wa)，均创历年新(xin)高(gao)。全年新(xin)增(zeng)水(shui)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)1287万(wan)千瓦(wa)，其中，抽水(shui)蓄能200万(wan)千瓦(wa);新(xin)增(zeng)并网(wang)风电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)1952万(wan)千瓦(wa)，其中，东(dong)、中部地(di)区(qu)占58.9%，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)提高(gao)8.8个(ge)(ge)百(bai)分点;新(xin)增(zeng)并网(wang)太阳(yang)能发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)5338万(wan)千瓦(wa)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)增(zeng)加2167万(wan)千瓦(wa)，82.4%的新(xin)增(zeng)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)集中在东(dong)、中部地(di)区(qu)，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)提高(gao)19.6个(ge)(ge)百(bai)分点。新(xin)增(zeng)煤(mei)电(dian)(dian)装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)3855万(wan)千瓦(wa)、同(tong)比(bi)(bi)(bi)减少142万(wan)千瓦(wa)。

　　二是(shi)非化石能源发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)快速(su)(su)增(zeng)(zeng)长，煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)比重(zhong)降(jiang)低(di)。全(quan)国全(quan)口(kou)径(jing)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)6.42万(wan)亿(yi)千瓦时、同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)长6.5%;其(qi)中，非化石能源发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)长10.0%，占总发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)比重(zhong)为30.4%，同(tong)比提高1.0个(ge)百分点(dian)。全(quan)口(kou)径(jing)并网(wang)太阳(yang)能发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)、并网(wang)风电(dian)(dian)、核电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)分别增(zeng)(zeng)长75.4%、26.3%和16.5%;全(quan)口(kou)径(jing)水(shui)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)增(zeng)(zeng)长1.7%，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)同(tong)比回落3.9个(ge)百分点(dian)。全(quan)口(kou)径(jing)火(huo)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)长5.2%，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)同(tong)比提高2.9个(ge)百分点(dian);其(qi)中，煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)同(tong)比增(zeng)(zeng)长4.8%，增(zeng)(zeng)速(su)(su)同(tong)比提高3.6个(ge)百分点(dian)，煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)占总发(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)量(liang)比重(zhong)为64.5%，同(tong)比降(jiang)低(di)1.0个(ge)百分点(dian)。

　　三是水(shui)电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)降低，弃风(feng)弃光问(wen)题(ti)明显改善。全(quan)国(guo)发电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)3786小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，与上年(nian)大体(ti)持平。其(qi)中(zhong)，受(shou)上年(nian)高基(ji)数等(deng)因素影响，水(shui)电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)3579小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)降低40小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。受(shou)电(dian)(dian)力(li)消费较(jiao)快增长、水(shui)电(dian)(dian)发电(dian)(dian)量(liang)低速增长等(deng)多(duo)(duo)因素综合影响，全(quan)国(guo)火电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)4209小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高23小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)煤电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)4278小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)略有提(ti)高。核电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)7108小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)、同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)提(ti)高48小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。在政(zheng)府和电(dian)(dian)力(li)企业等(deng)多(duo)(duo)方(fang)共同(tong)(tong)努力(li)下，弃风(feng)弃光问(wen)题(ti)明显改善，全(quan)国(guo)并网风(feng)电(dian)(dian)、太阳能发电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分别(bie)为1948、1204小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，同(tong)(tong)比(bi)(bi)分别(bie)提(ti)高203、74小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)，其(qi)中(zhong)，西北区域风(feng)电(dian)(dian)、太阳能发电(dian)(dian)设(she)(she)备(bei)(bei)利(li)用(yong)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)分别(bie)提(ti)高380小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)和146小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)时(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)。

　　四是电(dian)煤供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形势偏(pian)紧(jin)，冬季发(fa)电(dian)用天然气(qi)(qi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)紧(jin)张(zhang)。2017年，煤炭(tan)消耗需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)超预(yu)期(qi)，煤炭(tan)行业去(qu)产能超进度，叠加安(an)(an)全、环(huan)保等(deng)(deng)多方面因素影(ying)响(xiang)，煤炭(tan)产量增(zeng)(zeng)加不足，煤炭(tan)市场供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)量小(xiao)于消费(fei)量，导(dao)致(zhi)电(dian)煤供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)持续偏(pian)紧(jin)。相关部门多措并举增(zeng)(zeng)加电(dian)煤供(gong)(gong)(gong)给，供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形势有所缓和，但迎(ying)峰度冬期(qi)间电(dian)煤消费(fei)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)较(jiao)快增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)，贵州、安(an)(an)徽、湖南(nan)、甘肃等(deng)(deng)地电(dian)煤供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)(xu)形势较(jiao)为紧(jin)张(zhang)。受(shou)“煤改气(qi)(qi)”新增(zeng)(zeng)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)集中释放等(deng)(deng)因素影(ying)响(xiang)，天然气(qi)(qi)消费(fei)需(xu)(xu)求(qiu)超预(yu)期(qi)增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)，供(gong)(gong)(gong)暖期(qi)发(fa)电(dian)用天然气(qi)(qi)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应(ying)紧(jin)张(zhang)，部分(fen)地区燃机发(fa)电(dian)受(shou)到供(gong)(gong)(gong)气(qi)(qi)限制(zhi)。

　　五(wu)是电(dian)(dian)力(li)行业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)效益下滑，煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)经(jing)营(ying)形势持续(xu)严峻(jun)。电(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)价格持续(xu)高(gao)位，全年绝大多(duo)数时(shi)间(jian)处于“红色区间(jian)”运行，导致煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)发电(dian)(dian)成(cheng)本(ben)大幅增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)，出现(xian)大面积(ji)亏损局面。初步(bu)测算，2017年全国(guo)煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)因电(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)价格上涨导致电(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)采(cai)购(gou)成(cheng)本(ben)比(bi)2016年提高(gao)2000亿元(yuan)左右。市(shi)场化交易电(dian)(dian)量规模进一(yi)步(bu)扩大，交易电(dian)(dian)量累(lei)计1.63万亿千(qian)瓦时(shi)，同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)45%，有效降低社会生产成(cheng)本(ben)。此外，可(ke)再生能源补(bu)贴(tie)支(zhi)付明显(xian)滞后，以(yi)及(ji)煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)环保(bao)(bao)投入不(bu)断(duan)增(zeng)(zeng)加(jia)、环保(bao)(bao)补(bu)贴(tie)难以(yi)弥补(bu)环保(bao)(bao)投入，都加(jia)剧电(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)生产经(jing)营(ying)困境。受煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)持续(xu)亏损以(yi)及(ji)煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)新开工(gong)项(xiang)目减少(shao)等影响，发电(dian)(dian)设(she)计、建设(she)施(shi)工(gong)等企(qi)(qi)(qi)业(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)经(jing)营(ying)形势也(ye)较为严峻(jun)。

　　(二)电(dian)网建设持续增强，资源优化配置能力提升

　　一是电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)投资(zi)(zi)继续向配网(wang)(wang)及农网(wang)(wang)倾斜，新一轮农网(wang)(wang)改(gai)造升级取得阶段(duan)性(xing)(xing)重(zhong)大进展。全国电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)工程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)设完成投资(zi)(zi)5315亿元，其中，110千伏及以下电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)投资(zi)(zi)比重(zhong)占电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)总投资(zi)(zi)比重(zhong)达(da)到53.2%;新一轮农网(wang)(wang)改(gai)造取得阶段(duan)性(xing)(xing)重(zhong)大进展，完成了(le)《关(guan)于“十三五”期(qi)间实施新一轮农村电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)改(gai)造升级工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)意(yi)见》(国办发(fa)〔2016〕9号)文件中“中心村电(dian)(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)改(gai)造升级，实现平原(yuan)地区机井(jing)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)全覆(fu)盖”的(de)任务(wu)。

　　二是(shi)多条(tiao)特(te)高压(ya)交直流工程(cheng)投(tou)产，资源优化(hua)配置能力提升。全(quan)(quan)年共建成(cheng)(cheng)“两交六直”特(te)高压(ya)输电(dian)工程(cheng)，其中(zhong)，国家(jia)大气污染防治(zhi)行动计划特(te)高压(ya)交直流工程(cheng)全(quan)(quan)面建成(cheng)(cheng)。全(quan)(quan)国完(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)跨区送电(dian)量(liang)4235亿千瓦时(shi)(shi)、同比增长(zhang)12.1%，跨省送出(chu)电(dian)量(liang)1.13万亿千瓦时(shi)(shi)、同比增长(zhang)12.7%。

　　三是电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)业经(jing)营(ying)面临较(jiao)大(da)(da)挑战。一(yi)(yi)方面，电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)业收(shou)入(ru)增长将放(fang)缓(huan)。2017年，国家(jia)已完成32个省(sheng)(sheng)级(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)输(shu)配电(dian)(dian)价改(gai)革(ge)，平(ping)(ping)均输(shu)配电(dian)(dian)价比(bi)现行购销价差平(ping)(ping)均每千(qian)瓦(wa)时减(jian)少将近(jin)1分钱，进而核减(jian)32个省(sheng)(sheng)级(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)准许(xu)收(shou)入(ru)约480亿(yi)元(yuan)。另(ling)一(yi)(yi)方面，电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)业履(lv)行电(dian)(dian)力普遍服务，贯彻落实脱贫攻坚、乡(xiang)村振兴、援疆援藏、区域协调等(deng)战略部(bu)署，不断加大(da)(da)农网(wang)(wang)(wang)建设投资，重点聚焦(jiao)“三区三州”等(deng)深度(du)贫困地区、边(bian)疆地区，民族地区和东北老工(gong)业基地，部(bu)分省(sheng)(sheng)级(ji)(ji)(ji)电(dian)(dian)网(wang)(wang)(wang)企(qi)业亏损。

　　(三)全社会用电(dian)(dian)量(liang)增速比上年提(ti)高(gao)，用电(dian)(dian)增长(zhang)呈(cheng)现(xian)新亮(liang)点

　　一是(shi)全社(she)会(hui)用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)延续平(ping)稳(wen)较(jiao)快增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)态势(shi)。2017年，全国全社(she)会(hui)用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)6.3万亿千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)，人(ren)均(jun)用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)4538千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)，人(ren)均(jun)生活用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)625千(qian)(qian)瓦(wa)时(shi)。全社(she)会(hui)用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)6.6%，增(zeng)(zeng)速同比(bi)提高(gao)1.6个百(bai)分点，用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)较(jiao)快增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)的(de)主要(yao)原因(yin)：一是(shi)宏观经(jing)济运(yun)行稳(wen)中向好(hao)，第二产业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)电(dian)平(ping)稳(wen)增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang);二是(shi)服务(wu)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)电(dian)持(chi)续快速增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang);三是(shi)电(dian)力消费新动能正在(zai)逐(zhu)步形成，高(gao)技术制造业(ye)(ye)(ye)、战(zhan)略(lve)性新兴产业(ye)(ye)(ye)等用(yong)电(dian)高(gao)速增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang);四(si)是(shi)在(zai)工业(ye)(ye)(ye)、交(jiao)通、居民(min)生活等领域推广的(de)电(dian)能替代(dai)成效明显;五是(shi)夏季长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)时(shi)间极端高(gao)温天气拉动用(yong)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)快速增(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)(zhang)。

　　分季度看，各季度全(quan)社会用电(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)速分别为6.9%、5.8%、7.8%、5.7%;其中，受夏季极端高温天气拉动，第三季度增(zeng)(zeng)速相对偏高。分地区看，东、中、西部和东北地区用电(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)速分别为5.2%、7.3%、9.1%和4.6%;其中，西部地区受高耗能(neng)行业用电(dian)恢(hui)复性增(zeng)(zeng)长以及上年低(di)基(ji)数因素影响，用电(dian)增(zeng)(zeng)速比(bi)上年提高5.6个(ge)百(bai)分点。

　　二(er)是(shi)第二(er)产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)总(zong)体平(ping)稳，供给侧结构性(xing)改革催生用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)新(xin)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)点。第二(er)产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量同比(bi)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)5.5%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)较上(shang)(shang)年提(ti)(ti)高(gao)2.7个百分点;制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)5.8%，比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年提(ti)(ti)高(gao)3.4个百分点，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)为(wei)2014年以来(lai)的最高(gao)水平(ping)。国家创(chuang)新(xin)发展持(chi)续发力，战略(lve)性(xing)新(xin)兴产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)、高(gao)技术产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)、装备(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)等新(xin)兴产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速(su)发展，装备(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)和高(gao)技术产(chan)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量持(chi)续快(kuai)速(su)增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)，具(ju)有代表性(xing)的通用(yong)(yong)及专用(yong)(yong)设(she)备(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)、交(jiao)通运输/电(dian)(dian)气/电(dian)(dian)子设(she)备(bei)制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)、医药制(zhi)造(zao)(zao)业(ye)(ye)(ye)用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量分别增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)10.3%、10.3%和8.2%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)均比(bi)上(shang)(shang)年提(ti)(ti)高(gao)。传统四大高(gao)耗(hao)能行业(ye)(ye)(ye)合计用(yong)(yong)电(dian)(dian)量增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)4.0%，增(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)(zeng)速(su)逐季回落。

　　三(san)是(shi)第三(san)产业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)量延(yan)续(xu)两位数(shu)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)，新兴(xing)业(ye)态服(fu)务(wu)业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)强势。第三(san)产业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)10.7%，延(yan)续(xu)两位数(shu)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)态势。其中，信息传输(shu)/计算机服(fu)务(wu)和软件(jian)业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)延(yan)续(xu)近(jin)年(nian)来(lai)的快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)势头，同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)14.6%，贵州、内蒙古等西部省份，随着其大数(shu)据(ju)综合试(shi)验区等逐步建成和投运，信息业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)量高速(su)(su)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)。交通运输(shu)/仓储和邮政业(ye)用电(dian)(dian)(dian)量同(tong)比(bi)(bi)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)13.3%，电(dian)(dian)(dian)动(dong)汽车在(zai)城市公共交通领域快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)推广、电(dian)(dian)(dian)气化铁路运输(shu)快(kuai)(kuai)速(su)(su)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)以(yi)及电(dian)(dian)(dian)商零售业(ye)等新业(ye)态的高速(su)(su)增(zeng)长(zhang)(zhang)等是(shi)主要原因(yin)。

　　四(si)是居民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)电平稳增(zeng)长。城乡居民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)电同比增(zeng)长7.8%，呈(cheng)现新增(zeng)长点。体现在(zai)电能替(ti)代在(zai)居民(min)(min)(min)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)领域加快推(tui)(tui)进，居民(min)(min)(min)取(qu)(qu)暖“煤改电”快速(su)推(tui)(tui)进，电动汽车大(da)规模推(tui)(tui)广，显著拉动居民(min)(min)(min)用(yong)电尤(you)其是乡村居民(min)(min)(min)冬季取(qu)(qu)暖用(yong)电。

　　五是(shi)电(dian)(dian)(dian)力消(xiao)费结构(gou)持续优化。第(di)二产业占全社(she)会用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)量的(de)比重(zhong)为69.6%，同(tong)比下降0.6个(ge)百分点，主(zhu)要是(shi)受四大高(gao)(gao)耗(hao)能行业用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)占比下拉的(de)影响;随着服务业持续快速发展，第(di)三产业用(yong)电(dian)(dian)(dian)比重(zhong)逐年提升，2017年提高(gao)(gao)至(zhi)14.2%，同(tong)比提高(gao)(gao)0.5个(ge)百分点。

　　(四(si))全国电力供需形势总(zong)体宽松，部分地区富余较多

　　2017年，全国电力供(gong)(gong)需(xu)延(yan)续总体宽(kuan)松态势(shi)，区域(yu)间(jian)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)形势(shi)差异较大。其中，华(hua)北(bei)(bei)区域(yu)电力供(gong)(gong)需(xu)平衡(heng)偏紧(jin)，华(hua)中区域(yu)电力供(gong)(gong)需(xu)基本(ben)平衡(heng)，华(hua)东和南方区域(yu)电力供(gong)(gong)需(xu)平衡(heng)有余，东北(bei)(bei)和西北(bei)(bei)区域(yu)电力供(gong)(gong)应能力富(fu)余较多。

　　二、2018年全国电力供需(xu)形势预测(ce)

　　(一(yi))全(quan)国预计(ji)新(xin)增装机容量1.2亿(yi)千瓦，非化(hua)石能源装机比重进(jin)一(yi)步(bu)提高

　　预计全年全国新增装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容量1.2亿(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)左右，其中，非(fei)化石(shi)能源发电装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)7000万千瓦(wa)左右。预计2018年底(di)(di)，全国发电装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容量将(jiang)达到(dao)19.0亿(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)，其中非(fei)化石(shi)能源发电7.6亿(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)、占总装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)比(bi)(bi)重将(jiang)上升(sheng)至40%左右。预计煤(mei)电装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)容量10.2亿(yi)(yi)千瓦(wa)、占全国装(zhuang)(zhuang)机(ji)(ji)比(bi)(bi)重53.6%，比(bi)(bi)2017年底(di)(di)降低1.5个百(bai)分点。

　　(二)全(quan)社会用电量将延(yan)续平稳较快增长水平，消费结构将进一步调整优化

　　综合考虑宏观(guan)经济、服(fu)务业(ye)和居(ju)民用电发展趋(qu)势(shi)、大气(qi)污染治(zhi)理(li)、电能替(ti)代等(deng)各(ge)方(fang)面因素，预计(ji)2018年电力消费(fei)仍将延(yan)续2017年的(de)平(ping)稳较快增长(zhang)(zhang)水(shui)平(ping)。考虑到(dao)2017年高基数(shu)因素，在平(ping)水(shui)年、没有大范围极端(duan)气(qi)温影响情况下(xia)，预计(ji)2018年全(quan)社会(hui)用电量增长(zhang)(zhang)5.5%左(zuo)右。

　　(三)电(dian)力供需总体宽松，全年(nian)火电(dian)设备利(li)用小(xiao)时(shi)与2017年(nian)基(ji)本持平

　　预(yu)计(ji)(ji)全国电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)总体(ti)(ti)(ti)宽(kuan)松、部(bu)分(fen)地区富余，局部(bu)地区用电(dian)高峰时(shi)段电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)偏紧(jin)。预(yu)计(ji)(ji)全年(nian)发电(dian)设备(bei)(bei)利(li)用小(xiao)时(shi)3710小(xiao)时(shi)左(zuo)(zuo)右;其中(zhong)，火电(dian)设备(bei)(bei)利(li)用小(xiao)时(shi)4210小(xiao)时(shi)左(zuo)(zuo)右，与2017年(nian)基本持平(ping)。分(fen)区域(yu)看，东北、西北区域(yu)预(yu)计(ji)(ji)电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)应能(neng)力(li)富余较多;华东、华中(zhong)区域(yu)预(yu)计(ji)(ji)电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)总体(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)衡(heng)，少数省份在迎峰度夏、度冬用电(dian)高峰时(shi)段供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)偏紧(jin);华北区域(yu)预(yu)计(ji)(ji)电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)总体(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)衡(heng)，河北南网电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)偏紧(jin);南方区域(yu)预(yu)计(ji)(ji)电(dian)力(li)供(gong)(gong)(gong)需(xu)总体(ti)(ti)(ti)平(ping)衡(heng)，但省级电(dian)网间平(ping)衡(heng)差异较为突(tu)出。

　　三、有(you)关建(jian)议

　　电(dian)力(li)(li)是国民(min)经济基础性(xing)产业(ye)(ye)。电(dian)力(li)(li)行(xing)业(ye)(ye)必须坚持全面(mian)贯彻党(dang)的(de)十(shi)九大精(jing)神(shen)，按(an)照中(zhong)央(yang)经济工作(zuo)会议等(deng)部署，把推动高质(zhi)(zhi)量发展作(zuo)为根本要求，统(tong)筹解决好电(dian)力(li)(li)发展中(zhong)的(de)突出问题，做好新时代电(dian)力(li)(li)能源工作(zuo)，更好地(di)满足人民(min)群众多(duo)(duo)层次多(duo)(duo)样化(hua)高质(zhi)(zhi)量用电(dian)需求。

　　(一)针对电力工业不(bu)(bu)平衡不(bu)(bu)充分问题，提前谋(mou)划精(jing)准施策

　　一(yi)(yi)是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)深刻认识新(xin)时(shi)代发展要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，厘清主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)矛(mao)(mao)盾(dun)和问题(ti)。今年(nian)是(shi)贯彻党(dang)的(de)(de)十九(jiu)大(da)精神的(de)(de)开(kai)局之年(nian)，也是(shi)电(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)业全面学习贯彻党(dang)的(de)(de)十九(jiu)大(da)精神和中央经(jing)济工作(zuo)会(hui)议部(bu)署的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)(yao)一(yi)(yi)年(nian)。电(dian)力(li)行(xing)(xing)业深刻领会(hui)新(xin)时(shi)代习近(jin)平中国特(te)色社会(hui)主(zhu)义思想精髓，深刻理解社会(hui)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)矛(mao)(mao)盾(dun)的(de)(de)变化，准(zhun)确把握新(xin)时(shi)代能源电(dian)力(li)工作(zuo)的(de)(de)新(xin)任务新(xin)要(yao)(yao)(yao)求，特(te)别是(shi)要(yao)(yao)(yao)紧紧围绕(rao)社会(hui)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)(yao)矛(mao)(mao)盾(dun)的(de)(de)变化，系统分(fen)析，厘清电(dian)力(li)工业发展中的(de)(de)“不平衡不充分(fen)”问题(ti)。

　　二是要(yao)加强顶层设计，跟(gen)踪研究并提出兼具(ju)系(xi)统性、针对(dui)性和操作性的(de)行(xing)业发展(zhan)对(dui)策(ce)。针对(dui)电力行(xing)业发展(zhan)中绿色低碳发展(zhan)、市场化改(gai)革、网源(yuan)协(xie)调、清洁能源(yuan)消纳(na)等(deng)重点(dian)问题(ti)，组织开展(zhan)专题(ti)研究和系(xi)列调研;要(yao)进一步提高思想(xiang)认识和政治站位，站在支(zhi)撑国民经济健康发展(zhan)的(de)高度(du)，观大势、谋全局(ju)、干实事，科学(xue)制订(ding)行(xing)业发展(zhan)对(dui)策(ce)，有序推动问题(ti)解(jie)决。

　　三(san)是电力企业要(yao)认清形势，顺应大势，精(jing)准谋划发(fa)展策略。电力企业要(yao)学懂弄通做实党的十九大精(jing)神，按照中央经(jing)济工(gong)作会议决策部署(shu)，瞄准新(xin)时代的新(xin)目(mu)标(biao)，准确把握新(xin)时代能源电力工(gong)作的新(xin)要(yao)求，在趋势变化中主动发(fa)挥作用。

　　(二(er))加强“十(shi)三五”发展(zhan)(zhan)规划(hua)中期评估，切实引导(dao)行业高质(zhi)量发展(zhan)(zhan)

　　“十三(san)五”能源(yuan)规(gui)划和(he)电力规(gui)划等专项规(gui)划已落地实施一年多，适时开展“十三(san)五”规(gui)划中期检查评(ping)估工作(zuo)，对深入(ru)贯彻落实能源(yuan)革命(ming)战略(lve)思想，推(tui)进(jin)能源(yuan)生产(chan)和(he)消费革命(ming)，建设清洁低碳、安(an)全高效的现代(dai)能源(yuan)体系(xi)具有(you)重要意义(yi)。

 　　一是加强规划(hua)(hua)(hua)执行(xing)(xing)过程管(guan)理，完(wan)善并落实规划(hua)(hua)(hua)中期评(ping)估机制(zhi)。及时开展(zhan)相关调研工作，根据规划(hua)(hua)(hua)执行(xing)(xing)中出现的新(xin)形势、新(xin)问题(ti)，统筹电(dian)力发展(zhan)各环节工作，并客观做好(hao)规划(hua)(hua)(hua)的滚动修订，促进规划(hua)(hua)(hua)目标的顺利完(wan)成，推(tui)动电(dian)力行(xing)(xing)业高质量发展(zhan)。

　　二是要(yao)客观评(ping)价(jia)规划确定的(de)发展(zhan)目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、重点任务和政策措(cuo)施(shi)落实情(qing)况。对各省生产供应能(neng)力目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、电源结(jie)构目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、电网发展(zhan)目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、综(zong)合(he)调(diao)节能(neng)力目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、节能(neng)减(jian)排目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)、民生用(yong)电保障目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)以及能(neng)源消费总量目(mu)(mu)(mu)标(biao)进行全面评(ping)估，并(bing)对评(ping)估结(jie)果进行客观分析，科学应用(yong)。

　　三是根(gen)据规(gui)划评估(gu)(gu)情况(kuang)(kuang)，适时调(diao)整(zheng)规(gui)划目(mu)标和(he)任(ren)务(wu)，完善相关政策与措(cuo)施，推动规(gui)划有(you)(you)效实(shi)施。根(gen)据规(gui)划评估(gu)(gu)情况(kuang)(kuang)，对(dui)明显低于进度(du)或明显超(chao)(chao)过进度(du)的有(you)(you)关规(gui)划目(mu)标进行合理调(diao)整(zheng)，如(ru)，新能(neng)源装(zhuang)机超(chao)(chao)速发展(zhan)，其中，太(tai)阳能(neng)发电装(zhuang)机容量已基本实(shi)现“十(shi)三五”规(gui)划目(mu)标，应适时调(diao)整(zheng)规(gui)划目(mu)标和(he)任(ren)务(wu)。

　　(三(san))推(tui)进煤炭和电力行业协同发展，保(bao)障(zhang)能(neng)源电力安全稳定供(gong)应

　　一是多措并(bing)举保障(zhang)电(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)市(shi)(shi)场(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)平(ping)衡和(he)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)。煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)供(gong)(gong)应(ying)关(guan)系国计民生，保持煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)市(shi)(shi)场(chang)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)平(ping)衡、具备一定(ding)(ding)余(yu)缺调(diao)剂裕度，不仅是保障(zhang)电(dian)力(li)(li)能(neng)源安全供(gong)(gong)应(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)必要要求，更是保障(zhang)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)、电(dian)力(li)(li)等(deng)上下游相(xiang)关(guan)行业稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)协调(diao)发(fa)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)客观需(xu)要。建(jian)议全面梳理全国煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)有效产能(neng)、产量，根据煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)市(shi)(shi)场(chang)实际情况，认真(zhen)协调(diao)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)去产能(neng)和(he)保供(gong)(gong)应(ying)的(de)(de)(de)(de)关(guan)系，坚持电(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)市(shi)(shi)场(chang)化方向，鼓(gu)励(li)符合安全、高效、环(huan)保的(de)(de)(de)(de)先进(jin)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)企(qi)释放产能(neng)，加快审批投产一批合规项目，增强(qiang)保障(zhang)能(neng)力(li)(li)，保障(zhang)电(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)市(shi)(shi)场(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)供(gong)(gong)需(xu)平(ping)衡和(he)稳(wen)定(ding)(ding)供(gong)(gong)应(ying);煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)、电(dian)力(li)(li)行业认真(zhen)贯彻落实《关(guan)于进(jin)一步(bu)推进(jin)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)企(qi)业兼并(bing)重组(zu)转(zhuan)型升级的(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)见(jian)》(发(fa)改运(yun)行〔2017〕2118号)，推进(jin)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)(mei)电(dian)联营兼并(bing)重组(zu)。

　　二是继续(xu)优化(hua)进口煤(mei)(mei)(mei)政策(ce)。进口煤(mei)(mei)(mei)作为沿海(hai)电(dian)厂电(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)供(gong)应(ying)的(de)重要补充，对补充国内(nei)(nei)沿海(hai)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)炭(tan)供(gong)应(ying)、保(bao)障我国能(neng)(neng)源安全具(ju)有重要作用。建议，一(yi)方(fang)面充分考虑沿海(hai)电(dian)厂设计(ji)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)种(zhong)、区(qu)域(yu)特点、内(nei)(nei)贸煤(mei)(mei)(mei)港口集(ji)疏(shu)运能(neng)(neng)力、度(du)冬(dong)度(du)夏电(dian)煤(mei)(mei)(mei)供(gong)需平衡(heng)情况，统筹(chou)制(zhi)定进口煤(mei)(mei)(mei)调(diao)控目(mu)标。另一(yi)方(fang)面提高进口煤(mei)(mei)(mei)相关管理政策(ce)的(de)延续(xu)性和(he)稳(wen)定性，优化(hua)监管措施(shi)，给发电(dian)企业增加(jia)采购煤(mei)(mei)(mei)种(zhong)选择和(he)资(zi)源优化(hua)调(diao)整(zheng)空间。

　　三是(shi)加强运(yun)力协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao)，做(zuo)好(hao)铁(tie)路运(yun)力的保(bao)(bao)障协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao)和各(ge)港口(kou)资源配置(zhi)协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao)。运(yun)力保(bao)(bao)障是(shi)影响(xiang)电(dian)煤(mei)安全(quan)稳定供(gong)应(ying)的关键环(huan)节，尤(you)其(qi)(qi)在南(nan)方沿海区域(yu)，有序做(zuo)好(hao)资源和港航运(yun)力衔接是(shi)保(bao)(bao)证安全(quan)供(gong)应(ying)的必(bi)然(ran)要求(qiu)。建议建立运(yun)力监(jian)督协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao)机制(zhi)，及时(shi)协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao)解决(jue)出现的各(ge)项重点问题;加强电(dian)煤(mei)运(yun)输(shu)(shu)与(yu)其(qi)(qi)他重要基础物资的运(yun)输(shu)(shu)协(xie)(xie)调(diao)(diao);在东南(nan)沿海港口(kou)完善电(dian)煤(mei)储备应(ying)急机制(zhi)，尤(you)其(qi)(qi)确(que)保(bao)(bao)重点地(di)区、重点用户、重要时(shi)段的用煤(mei)需求(qiu)。

　　(四)着力(li)解决掣肘电力(li)企业经营关键问题(ti)，切实提(ti)高行业可持续发展的动力(li)和活力(li)

　　一是理顺各种价(jia)格关系，营(ying)造电(dian)(dian)力(li)企(qi)业正(zheng)常经(jing)营(ying)环(huan)境。尽(jin)快引导电(dian)(dian)煤(mei)(mei)价(jia)格下调(diao)至绿(lv)色区间，有效(xiao)降(jiang)低持续居高(gao)不下的燃料成本(ben)(ben)，以缓(huan)解煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)企(qi)业经(jing)营(ying)困(kun)境并(bing)提(ti)高(gao)行(xing)业贯彻落(luo)实中央降(jiang)电(dian)(dian)价(jia)要求(qiu)的承受能力(li)。要完善并(bing)启动煤(mei)(mei)电(dian)(dian)联动机制，有效(xiao)缩减当(dang)前持续高(gao)位(wei)的燃料成本(ben)(ben)、大(da)幅(fu)上涨的环(huan)保成本(ben)(ben)与(yu)接连下降(jiang)的电(dian)(dian)价(jia)之(zhi)间的矛盾。要针(zhen)对以清洁能源(yuan)为主的地(di)区推行(xing)火(huo)电(dian)(dian)机组(zu)备(bei)用(yong)容量(liang)补(bu)(bu)偿机制;尽(jin)快健全并(bing)落(luo)实辅助服务市场，针(zhen)对长期备(bei)用(yong)机组(zu)实行(xing)两部制电(dian)(dian)价(jia)等措施，为系统(tong)调(diao)峰、调(diao)频(pin)、备(bei)用(yong)等机组(zu)提(ti)供合理补(bu)(bu)偿。

　　二(er)是尽快(kuai)解(jie)决(jue)发电(dian)企(qi)业(ye)各项补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)、补偿(chang)拖欠问题(ti)，缓解(jie)企(qi)业(ye)经营压力。一(yi)方面，加(jia)快(kuai)解(jie)决(jue)可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源电(dian)价附加(jia)补助资(zi)金(jin)历史欠账问题(ti);尽快(kuai)研究(jiu)完(wan)善可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源发电(dian)补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)定价机(ji)制及(ji)相关政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，减(jian)少简化交(jiao)叉(cha)补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)，以解(jie)决(jue)当前向(xiang)低碳绿色清洁能(neng)(neng)(neng)源转型关键阶段可再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)能(neng)(neng)(neng)源高速发展(zhan)产生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)高额(e)(e)补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)需求。另一(yi)方面，正确认识、合理评估(gu)环(huan)保电(dian)价作为(wei)巨额(e)(e)环(huan)保改(gai)造投资(zi)成本补偿(chang)的(de)合理性(xing)和(he)必要性(xing)，建议将参与市场交(jiao)易电(dian)量(liang)(liang)的(de)环(huan)保电(dian)价调整为(wei)“价外(wai)补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)”方式(shi)，鼓(gu)励发电(dian)企(qi)业(ye)进行超低排(pai)放、深度节能(neng)(neng)(neng)和(he)灵活(huo)性(xing)改(gai)造;加(jia)强对(dui)燃煤(mei)机(ji)组(zu)(zu)环(huan)保改(gai)造的(de)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)支(zhi)持，及(ji)时兑现超低排(pai)放煤(mei)电(dian)机(ji)组(zu)(zu)相应(ying)的(de)资(zi)金(jin)补贴(tie)(tie)(tie)和(he)电(dian)量(liang)(liang)奖励政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)。

　　三(san)是建立(li)普遍服务(wu)补(bu)偿机制，保障(zhang)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企业(ye)尤其是电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)网企业(ye)可持(chi)续发展的(de)需要。针对(dui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)企业(ye)尤其电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)网企业(ye)农网建设改造、东西帮扶计划(hua)等普遍服务(wu)工程，具有(you)显著的(de)高投(tou)资、低收益特征，建议一(yi)方面将(jiang)对(dui)应投(tou)资纳入输(shu)配电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)价核定(ding)中(zhong)统筹考虑;另一(yi)方面在财政、资金等方面加(jia)大政策支持(chi)力(li)度，通过对(dui)农网建设改造工程实行长期低息(xi)贷款或政府贴(tie)息(xi)，对(dui)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)价承受能力(li)差(cha)的(de)地区给予运营(ying)补(bu)贴(tie)等方式建立(li)电(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)力(li)普遍服务(wu)补(bu)偿机制。

　　四是电(dian)力企业着(zhe)力在提质增(zeng)效(xiao)上下功夫，合理(li)(li)降(jiang)低企业运(yun)营成本(ben)。一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)要外拓市(shi)场(chang)，增(zeng)产(chan)(chan)增(zeng)利，发电(dian)企业积极开展(zhan)电(dian)量结构优(you)化，做好(hao)集团内部的“产(chan)(chan)能置换、电(dian)量转移”，电(dian)网企业创新方(fang)(fang)式(shi)积极探索推进“电(dian)能替代”，争(zheng)取增(zeng)供扩销(xiao);另一方(fang)(fang)面(mian)加(jia)强(qiang)成本(ben)管(guan)控和运(yun)营管(guan)理(li)(li)，加(jia)快(kuai)低效(xiao)无效(xiao)资产(chan)(chan)处置，防控经营风(feng)险;深化企业内部体制机制改革，实现科技引领(ling)和管(guan)理(li)(li)创新。电(dian)网企业加(jia)快(kuai)电(dian)网自动化建设，完善调度运(yun)行机制，加(jia)快(kuai)高损治(zhi)理(li)(li)，实现降(jiang)损增(zeng)效(xiao)。